How Down syndrome affects eyes and vision

Up to 80% of children with Down syndrome experience vision issues. Between 46% and 100% of all Down syndrome patients are at risk of issues stemming from uncorrected refractive errors, glaucoma and more. 

Early diagnosis and treatment of these vision issues are necessary for individuals with Down syndrome. This will help to maximize their developmental potential.

What is Down syndrome?

Down syndrome is a genetic condition that affects both physical and mental development. One of the most recognizable traits of the condition is the unique facial features. These include upward turned, almond-shaped eyes. Those with Down syndrome also have intellectual disabilities and are often shorter in height.

Down syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in childhood. The abnormality lies in chromosome 21. Instead of the typical chromosome duplication, a Down syndrome individual ends up with three copies of chromosome 21. This extra genetic material results in the physical characteristics and systemic conditions associated with Down syndrome.