Ophthalmoscope inspection method

The examination of ophthalmoscope includes two items: ⑴ preliminary examination of light transmittance of refractive medium; ⑵ fundus retina examination.

① Refractive media inspection

1) Methods: the refractive medium was examined by post mapping method, and the opaque lesions in the refractive medium were preliminarily identified by comparing with the bright reflection of the retina as the background.

It is required to check in the dark room. The contrast quality of the reflected light of the retina in the dark room environment is good. Before examination, adjust the adjustable diaphragm to the large projection field, adjust the compensation lens to +20.00d, and vertically project the pupil at a distance of about 25cm from the inspected eye. The examiner observes the pupil area of the inspected eye from the ophthalmoscope, and the index finger moves the hand wheel of the compensation lens to reduce the positive light of the compensation lens until the target in the pupil area of the inspected person is clear.

2) Result analysis

If the refractive medium is transparent, it shows uniform orange red reflection in the pupil area. If there is a black shadow floating, it indicates that there is turbidity in the aqueous humor or vitreous body.

If the pupil area is black but there is no reflection, it indicates that the lens is turbid; See white glittering reflection in the pupil area, indicating vitreous liquefaction; Dark red in pupil area, indicating intravitreal hemorrhage; White targets flash in the pupil area, indicating retinal detachment.

② Fundus retina examination

1) Methods: in the darkroom environment, the examinee should take a comfortable sitting position, raise his head slightly, adjust the hand wheel of the adjustable diaphragm of the fundus mirror to the middle projection field (standard spot), adjust the compensation lens to position 0, so that the light is vertically projected from 30cm to the examinee's eye, observe the pupil area of the examinee's eye from the peephole, after seeing the orange red retinal reflection light, push the ophthalmoscope towards the examinee's eye, try to be close to the examinee's eye, and gradually adjust the hand wheel of the compensation lens, Until you see a clear part of the fundus.

2) Inspection contents

Fundus retina, optic disc, macula, blood vessels, etc.